Planer Machine: Definition, Parts, Working Principle, Types, Advantages, Applications [Notes & PDF]

Once again welcome to the innovative and anxious world of engineering. Today We are going to learn in detail about “Planer Machine.” It’s Definition, Parts, Working Principle, Types, Advantages, Applications with notes and PDF.
So, stay tuned till end and get the each and every informations about Planer Machine.

Introduction of Planer Machine

The goal of the Planer machine is to organize the concept of related tool movements. Here the reciprocating motion of a tool is a function and slow, intermediate feed movements are transmitted to the task or instrument by cutting the direction of a direct straight path.

All work on the Planer machines can be done on a shaping machine. The length of the stroke, the large size, and the high durability make the Planer machines perform the most difficult tasks in their larger works and in their longer spaces.

Planer Machine Definition

Planer Machine is a machine where unwanted objects are cut from the workpiece to produce a flat surface in the workplace. Unlike the Shaper machine, in this machine, more than one tool can be set up and do the job.

Parts of a Planer Machine

Following are the major parts of the Planer machine-

• The bed
• Column or Housing
• Table
• Cross Rail
• Tool Head
• Driving and Feed mechanism

• Bed

A planetary bed with interlocking ribs resembling a box-shaped imitation. It weighs heavily and is very large in size and supports the column and moving parts of the machine.

The bed is made longer than the length of the table, about twice the length. So that the full length of the table is across it. Supporting table guides may be provided on a larger machine.

Guideways should be horizontal and parallel to each other. The guides are properly lubricated and to ensure continuous and adequate supply of lubricants to modern machines, oil under pressure is pumped into the different parts of the guideways.

• Column or Housing

Housings are also called columns as vertical structures placed on each side of the bed and attached to the sides of the bed. They are very built to maintain great strength due to the cut.

The cross rail can be made to slide up and down to meet the various lengths of work to the surface of each accurately installed house to provide precise routes.

Two heads of side tools also slide over them. Planer housing includes Crossrail lifting screwdriver, straight and reverse screw heads for tool heads, Crossrail resistant weight.

• Table

The planer table supports the workpiece and recycle and bed modes. A planetary table is a heavy rectangular scale with T-slots provided throughout the length of the table so that the function and function of holding the devices are attached to it.

Finally, there is an empty space that serves as a storage container for chips. Tasks can also reside on planetary reefs.

The table is made up of one imitation but separated by a planetary table there are two separate tables mounted on top of the sleeping patterns.

Hydraulic bumpers are attached to the end of the bed to keep the table from slip/overrunning which will give the bending effect. When the table jumps, a large cutting tool is attached to the bottom of the table which will take a deep cut of the flexible block absorbing the kinetic energy of the moving table.

• Cross Rail

Crossrail is a casting that connects two houses. Crossrail provides machine stability. It sits on the surface of the house and can be pressed locally by manual, hydraulic devices.

Crossrail when tied should always be fully aligned with the top of the table, that is, it should be horizontal no matter where it is.

Two heads of tools called a railhead are fitted. It has screws for direct and horizontal feed tool heads and a rail lift screw. Planetary screws can be used manually or forcefully.

• Tool Head

The tool header is the part that is attached to the seat, with the tool label on it. The tool posts are attached to the head so that the back and back of the table the power of the cutting tools are raised.

The edge of the tool will be saved as damage and allow for automatic rendering to operate without interference.

It has Saddle, Swivel base, Vertical Slide, apron, Clapper box, Clapper block, Tool, bottom feed screw, pinafore, clamping pin, slide pin, Slip feed and down tool.

• Driving & Feed mechanism

The feeding mechanism of the tool head is done by hand in direct or indirect power. The drive is located under the table and the motor drive is on one side of the planet.

The size of the planet is determined by the length of the stroke and is also determined by the large size of the rectangular machine.

Working Principle of Planer machine

• The operating table can move and the machine tool head is upright. The workpiece is attached to the work table as well

• The single point cutting tool is attached to the tool head and now we change the machine which means that the power supply to the machine and the operating table go forward.

• So, it cuts the material and is called a cut stroke. The operating table goes down with no cutting objects so this is called return stroke. The process will continue unless you change the power supply or otherwise.

Planer Machine Mechanism

• Kinematics and its method involves the conversion and transmission of engine rotation in the recurring motions of the work table and the opposite movements of the tools.

• The table rotation movement that provides cutting motion at work, is detected by a rack-pinion machine. The rack is fitted with a table and the pin is inserted into the output shaft of the speed gearbox.

• The blocks holding the cutting tools go horizontally along the railway line with a screw-nut system and the rail is also moved up and down with different screw-nut pairs.

• Belts are used as drivers to return to the table in another way. A large contact arc on a large pulley is used to drive the table.

• High strength and low speed are required during cutting and is done by attaching a cross belt with a large pulley of the width provided to the shaft.

Types of Planer Machine

The Planer Machine has five different types:

1. Double Housing Machine
2. Pit Planning Machine
3. Open Side Machine
4. Edge Planer machine
5. Divided Table Planer Machine

• Double Housing Machine

Most workshops use a Double-Housing Planer machine. Double-Housing planers have a long, heavy base with precise mechanical guides where the table recedes. The length of the bed is twice the length of the table.

Two vertical houses are connected to one house: One on each side and these are connected at the top by the opposite member. It has a horizontal rail that carries the heads of two smooth tools over the straight surface of the machine houses.

The heads of the tools are moved manually or forcefully on a cross or in a straight line for food. Double housing planer is a high-speed, heavy-duty and robust machine.

It has a high level of surface finishing. The work is placed on a recurring/reciprocating table while the tool is held in the machine frame. It can make deep cuts and heavy food can be used to complete the task in a short time. The writing tool and the work goes on. Heavy, solid, and heavy tools are used.

Throughout the cutting and turning process, the speed is the same. The Double housing Planer consumes 150 H.P. and also occupy a large floor area.

• Pit Planning Machine

The pit planer has a large structure where the table is kept in the hole and kept standing. The crossroads point back to the horizontal railway line on both sides of the table.

The planer table is scaled down, so hard work can be loaded. It has two tool heads and can be moved horizontally and vertically to have a feed. With the engine, the drive screw is used to drive the column.

• Open side planer machine

One house on one side of the foundation is attached or fastened as the railroad cross on the table moves.
The open side editing machine has three tool heads mounted on the machine. One house will carry all the load, therefore it must be hard and strong to withstand the force.

It can slide down the sidewalks to a straight path that carries the heads of tools.

Edge Planer Machine

Edge planer is also called a plate planer and is used for bevelling and squaring at the edges of steel plates used for pressure vessels in various works and in the shipbuilding industry.

The table contains the remaining function. The workpiece can be connected with air-tight clamps. The toolkit mounted on the cart moves near the two horizontal directions.

Divided Table Planer Machine

Divided Table Planer Machine has two tables in the bed that can be restored separately or jointly. This will save you time to do nothing when setting up a task.

A divided type planer is best suited for mass production work The machine should be done the same, work on one of the tables is loaded, the other part can replace the cutting tool for the finishing process.

Finishing work can be done after the table is set and the finished work is done by moving the table to the end. Heavy and large tasks are tied together so when considering the movement associated with the tool.

Planer Machine Specifications

Planer Machine can be specified in the following dimensions-

• The distance between the two houses.

• The height from the top of the table to the horizontal train at its highest point.

• The maximum length of the table trip.

• An open size plan specifies the largest mechanical work that can be done on its table.

In addition to these basic values, some details are:

• Number of feeds available.

• Number of speeds available.

• The length of the bed.

• The length of the table.

• Power input.

• Ground floor space is required.

• Driving table, gear or hydraulic mode
The total weight of the machine.

Advantages of a Planer Machine:

The Advantages of the Planer machine are as follows-

• Due to the many tools available to the manufacturer, the MRR will be much higher compared to the manufacturer.

• A higher surface finish can be obtained.

• It works on wide workpieces.

• High accuracy is maintained.

• This machine shows low adjustment.

Disadvantages of the Planer machine:

The disadvantages of the Planer machine are as follows-

• These plans are replaced by milling machines, top milling machines, milling machines, etc.

• Installation costs are high.

• Energy consumption will be higher as it should remove large objects from the material compared to the manufacturer.

• Machine costs are also high.

• Skilled workers are needed to operate these machines.

Applications of Planer machine:

Below are some of the most common applications of Planer Machine-

• Cutting slots and grooves.

• It produces straight flat and curved surfaces.

• Angle cutting and machining dovetails.

So, that was all about the Planer Machine: Definition, Parts, Working Principle, Types, Advantages, Applications [Notes & PDF]. NOW its time to wrap up this article.

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